ABSTRACT
The issues discussed in this chapter can be traced back to the Greek philosopher Eubulides of Miletus. He lived in the 4th century B.C.E., a contemporary of Aristotle whom he, according to Diogenes Laertius (Yonge, 1901, pp. 77-78), "was constantly attacking". Eubulides belonged to what is known as the Megarian school of philosophy, founded by a pupil of Socrates named Euclid(es). Besides his quarrels with Aristotle we know from Diogenes Laertius that Eu-bulides was the target of an epigram referring to his "false arrogant speeches", and that he "handed down a great many arguments in dialectics", mostly trivial sophisms of the kind ridiculed by Socrates in Plato's Dialogues. For example, the Horned Man argument asks you to agree that 'whatever you haven't lost you have', and points out that then you must have horns since you have not lost them.
