Between the 1980s and the 1990s, men who lived with children increased their involvement with them (Sandberg & Hofferth, 2001; Sayer, Bianchi, & Robinson, 2004). However, we do not know whether their involvement has continued to increase; furthermore, there is likely to be substantial variability in such involvement across families, given that the structure of families has become increasingly complex. In addition to families with two married, biological parents, children living with men in today’s families include those with two unmarried biological parents, married or cohabiting stepfathers, single fathers, and fathers living with another potential caregiver. Because they are present on a daily basis, men in these other father family types may play a critical role in their children’s lives; therefore, more needs to be known about men’s involvement with their residential children in the context of different family types.