ABSTRACT
The readings in Part Three addressed the spatial dimensions of post-World War II poverty in U.S. cities, pointing in particular to the serious decline in employment opportunities in the cores of older cities, where mostly poor minorities live. The rise of offshore manufacturing, suburbanization, misguided urban renewal policies, and racially biased practices of the real estate industry and lending institutions contributed to what Loïc Wacquant calls the “impacted ghetto” – a space disconnected from social, economic, and political opportunities.
