How is community-based adaptation ‘scaled up' in environmental risk assessment?

What dilemmas does ‘scaling up’ community-based adaptation (CBA) bring for risk assessment? For many policy-makers, this is a challenging question. The growing debate about CBA is based on two important, yet not always harmonious, trends in environmental science and policy. The first is the need to address serious risks posed by predicted climate change. The second is the movement to include local communities and citizens in decision-making and risk assessment. At times, these trends appear to work against each other.