ABSTRACT
The authors provide a detailed review of the elements, categories and indicators associated with two of the dominant frameworks for online learning, namely the Teaching Learning Paradigm (TLP) and the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework. They contend that whilst on the surface the models appear dissimilar, significant insight can be gained by combining the two models to provide a more holistic model, specifically with regard to the intersections of teaching, social and cognitive presences and the appropriate balance of these presences as we progress from instructor-led to learner-managed learning.
