ABSTRACT
Resistance or strength exercise is defined as skeletal muscles working against high loads over a short time. When resistance exercise is repeated at a sufficient frequency, intensity and duration this type of training improves neural activation and increases muscle size, strength and/or power. We start this chapter with practical resistance training principles and review the hyperplasia and hypertrophy adaptations to resistance exercise. After discussing the classical exercise physiology we will then review the molecular mechanisms that cause adaptation to resistance exercise.
