ABSTRACT
Debates about the social background of pupils and inequalities in educational attainment have shifted over the last 50 years. In the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s inequalities were seen to be rooted in an education system differentiated by social class which, it was hoped, would be challenged by the comprehensive system that was meant to open up educational opportunities. Since 1997 under Labour and the 2010 Coalition Governments the debate has moved to one that, while recognising the importance of income differentials, emphasises parental responsibility and the home learning environment.
