ABSTRACT
In the second half of this century, logicians like Church (1951), Lewis (1918), Carnap (1956), Prior (1967), Cresswell (1975) and Montague (1974) have used the resources of logical formalisms such as proof and model theory in order to formulate philosophical logics like the logic of sense and denotation, modal logic and the logic of time which are important for the purposes of universal grammar. Such logicians have contributed both to the philosophy of language and to the foundations of the syntax and semantics of English and other natural languages. Thus logical formalisms which were originally conceived by Frege, Russell and Tarski for the sole study of formal languages, were successfully used and improved to generate and interpret important fragments of ordinary language.
