ABSTRACT
In NE II, 6, Aristotle offers a definition of ethical virtue: ‘Virtue is a state of character concerned with choice, lying in a mean, i.e. the mean relative to us, this being determined by a rational principle, and by that principle by which the man of practical wisdom would determine it.’23 This definition has five key components. First, virtue is a state of character. Second, it is concerned with choice (preferential choice – Aristotle is using a technical term, prohairesis, here). Third, it lies in a mean. Fourth, that mean is determined by a rational principle, and, fifth, that rational principle is the principle of a practically wise man (phronimos). Prior to introducing the definition, Aristotle has also discussed the way in which ethical virtue is acquired. An explanation of his views on acquisition, and of the five components of his definition, will illuminate his analysis.
