ABSTRACT
When two countries enter into a monetary union, the consequent extension of their mutual dependence impinges upon the nature and ordering of their economic goals and alters both qualitatively and quantitatively the policy instruments in their individual and joint possessions. The adoption of a uniform currency effectively removes the monetary instrument from the individual country’s arsenal, and the freedom to employ fiscal controls is restricted because the transfer of monetary powers to the community constrains the available means of financing government outlays. The latter constraints operate even where each member country retains the right to issue the common money, for monetary conditions within any country are inseparably tied to conditions in the area at large.
