ABSTRACT
Essentially, this chapter, and Chapter 5, on funding shortages, are ‘scene setting’ chapters, which show the ground base of evidence on which all subsequent chapters are predicated. The concerns, techniques and methodology are similar. For example, the evidence used in both chapters is also based on primary-source data collected in Scotland. As another example, the techniques of analysis relating to Gibrat’s Law (Almus, 2000; Ganugi et al., 2004, 2005; Hart and Oulton, 1999; Hart, 2000; Weiss, 1998), as expounded and tested fully in Chapter 16, are ‘bench tested’ first here in Chapter 4.
