Super-vision or space invader? Two's company and three makes for paranoid tendencies

The transference dimension of supervision has been widely discussed in psychoanalytic literature, but attention to the supervisor±supervisee±patient triad has been narrowly focused on two of the three participants, mainly through the patient's transference to the therapist, and the therapist's countertransference to the patient. Fiscalini (1997) found that the triadic implications of the transference±countertransference between supervisor± supervisee, and supervisee±patient were neglected. Berman (2000) has pointed out that little attention had been paid to how patient±supervisee± supervisor unconscious processes in¯uence the learning of psychotherapy.