ABSTRACT
The long-standing common view of intelligence describes it as a singular entity that is applied to all tasks we undertake, whether it is programming a computer, reading a book or creating a work of art. This traditional view also claims that intelligence is measurable by a relatively short paper-and- pencil intelligence quotient (IQ) test. Howard Gardner introduced the Multiple Intelligences (MI) theory to counter the IQ view, which he found wholly inadequate (Gardner 1993). MI theory describes intelligence as pluralistic, as being about solving problems, and as being qualitatively, not simply quantitatively, different from one individual to the next. While the IQ view asks, “How smart are you?” MI theory asks, “How are you smart?”
