ABSTRACT
Austrian conductor, born in Graz. His career was shaped in a number of major opera houses, as he moved as director from Munich (1921), to Hamburg (1931-1933), Dresden (1934-1943) and Vienna (1944-1945; 1954-1956). In Dresden he also conducted the Saxon State Orchestra. He appeared first in the U.S. with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in 1956, then with the Metropolitan Opera in 1957, conducting there intermittently through 1974. He made a notable tour of the U.S. and Japan with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra in 1963-1964.
