ABSTRACT
American bass singer, born in Princeton, New Jersey. He took a law degree from Columbia University in 1923, then turned to acting, on New York and London stages. He gave a song recital, of spirituals, in New York in 1925, then toured Europe as a singer. His acting career did not cease; he played Othello in London in 1930, for example. But neither the vocal nor dramatic paths were fully developed, because his Marxist politicsopenly expressed-led to resistance in America and Western Europe during a period of communism phobia. He died in Philadelphia.
