ABSTRACT
After almost two decades, ‘human security’ as concept and practice still seeks to privilege personal economic and social rather than ‘national’ strategic concerns, including ecological, educational, food, habitat and health priorities (UNDP 1994: 22-40). But, despite its relatively recent post-cold war definition and advocacy, human or individual security along with human development has become increasingly more problematic in the twenty-first century. In part, this ref lects the interrelated impacts of a decade of the BRICs/BRICS and a series of ‘global’ economic crises around the turn of the second decade. In turn, debates about its definitions and elusiveness have proliferated and intensified as indicated in the second section, including the articulation of the notion of ‘citizen security’ from the global South (UNDP 2012).
