ABSTRACT
This chapter explores how and why hate crimes have manifested against Gypsies, Travellers and Roma in Europe in the twenty-first century. It considers the context within which hate crime has arisen and in doing so will address some of the histories of Gypsies, Travellers and Roma in Europe. The chapter identifies the range of hate crime experiences of Gypsies, Travellers and Roma in Europe that range from extreme violence and murder, through serious harassment to hate speech and minor hate incidents inflicted upon them. It discusses the impact of the identities of Gypsies, Travellers and Roma as mobile communities in order to unpack their experiences of hate crime and discrimination. In the late twentieth century then, Gypsies, Travellers and Roma faced a commonality of issues, despite their diverse communities and breadth of experiences throughout Europe.
