ABSTRACT

This chapter suggests that the continuing focus on the group dimension of victimisation could be problematic. It aims to challenge the victim group approach to policy and to consider what can be gained from an intersectional understanding of hate crime. The chapter examines the importance of considering intersectionality by looking at an emergent body of research that assesses the impact of multiple systems of oppression on the hate crime victim experience. The development of hate crime legislation has been characterised by this “silo” approach to identity, where groups are added to policy as time goes on. In June 2013 the Law Commission published its consultation looking into the further extension of hate crime provisions, suggesting that the group-based approach would continue for the foreseeable future. Internationally, policy definitions of hate crime differ broadly but most statutes are accompanied by a list of victims or identity groups who can seek redress and potentially a harsher punishment for their perpetrator.