ABSTRACT
This chapter presents some of the main challenges for the creation and implementation of common pools of genetic resources in Brazil. It discusses the creation of a differentiated access and benefit-sharing (ABS) regime for PGRFA not included in the multilateral system of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA), as well as the establishment of national benefit-sharing funds. It proposes that genetic resources common pools be created not only through networks of ex situ collections, but also through policies/legal instruments aimed at promoting common pools of genetic resources found in situ/on-farm. It also analyses the possibility of cultural heritage law instruments and ‘agrobiodiversity reserves’ being used to promote and safeguard common pools of genetic resources found in situ/on-farm.
