ABSTRACT
Adaptation to the impacts of climate change is now fully established in the scientific literature as necessary and complementary to mitigation efforts (NRC 2010a, b, c; Holdren 2008; IPCC 2007). The world of policy and practice at all levels of government, in business, and in civic society is also rapidly waking to that reality. Climatic signals are clearly emerging out of the “noise” of year-to-year variability, and the effects of climate change are increasingly documented by researchers, and becoming apparent to the layperson. Particularly the occurrence of extreme climate and weather events has played a role in bringing adaptation to the fore (IPCC 2012; Leiserowitz et al. 2012; Peterson et al. 2012).
