ABSTRACT
In recent years, variations in the effectiveness and efficiency of different kinds of organizations and in the conditions under which these organizations arise, persist, and change have been studied in many settings, ranging from broad administrative systems to specific governmental and military hierarchies, factories, and hospitals. Almost all such studies could have been made in prisons, which contain systems of a military type designed to keep inmates within walls, industrial systems to maintain the prison and produce goods, and professional or “service” systems to rehabilitate inmates. Moreover, the prison as a whole is a governmental organization designed to administer the activities of the persons in the various roles in these and other subsidiary systems.
