ABSTRACT

Education and employment are key to conventional success. Doing well in school enhances the chances on the job market, and getting a well-paid and satisfying job offers financial possibilities, a social network and a vocational identity. Failure in both areas is often linked to the development of a criminal career: poor school achievement and drop-out are related to delinquency of adolescents and young adults; unemployment and poor job quality to crime among adults (for overviews, see, for example, Gottfredson, 2001, Braithwaite, 1979, Lageson and Uggen, 2013).