ABSTRACT
When Jane Addams, the internationally renowned white middle-class social reformer, reflected upon her efforts to alleviate poverty, the poor people whom she had encountered stood out the most. In Twenty Years at Hull House, Addams (1910) recounted her experiences at the Chicago settlement house helping ethnic immigrants who resided in dense and impoverished neighborhoods. Her memoir featured heart-rending stories including horrifying accidents on the job, terrible family tragedies, and the often unsuccessful daily struggles that immigrant poor people waged to make ends meet.
