ABSTRACT

Neuropsychological assessment has been influenced and molded by different theoretical paradigms. As a result, a wide range of complimenting and conflicting assessment techniques have been developed throughout the years. Early on, many clinicians favored assessment techniques that use standardized “achievement” procedures, which employ nomothetic interpretation of test data (Halstead, 1947; Reitan, 1964). These techniques, incorporated in both fixed and flexible test batteries, were derived by psychologists trained predominantly in laboratories who emphasized classical test theory and related psychometric principles (see Franzen, 2000 for a review of this topic).