ABSTRACT
To build inclusive and socially just lifelong education, this article proposes transnational lifelong learning for recognitive justice and inclusive citizenship as a promising alternative to distributive and retributive approaches to lifelong learning. Informed by recognitive justice, this framework questions the claim that a universality of citizenship transcends cultural difference and particularity. It suggests ‘pluralist citizenship’ as an alternative form of citizenship that recognises transnational flows of migration and concomitant diasporic allegiances and affiliations. In rejecting the deficit model of lifelong learning, this framework acknowledges and affirms cultural difference and diversity as positive and desirable assets. Transnational lifelong learning seeks to balance freedom of mobility with protection, recognition and membership.
