ABSTRACT
The goal of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is commonly considered to be making machines intelligent. In the beginning, two domains dominated AI: chess and problem solving (e.g., Greene, 1959; Minsky, 1961; Newell et al., 1958; Newell and Simon, 1961). It was felt that a reasonable approach towards creating intelligent computers would be to make computers do things that clearly exhibited intelligence. Automated chess playing and theorem proving attracted maximum interest, largely because they were instances of things that were especially hard to do, and thus that exhibited intelligence.
