ABSTRACT
The traditional epistemology of the Anglo-American canon was a theory for knowledge makers. It was a normative theory that told how knowledge makers ought to reason to reach knowledge of the true or the good or the right. The fact that it was a theory for knowledge makers was covered up by using several clever strategies—including the democratic claim that anyone might have knowledge if only they used the certified method. So far as knowledge went, we were all interchangeable individuals. The epistemology seemed not to be a theory of knowers or a theory of knowledge makers, even though the abstract individuals were acknowledged as among its basic units. It seemed to be a theory about knowledge itself.
