In 1976, Bob Abelson and Roger Schank created a new view of collaboration between researchers in Artificial Intelligence and Psychology, in which each field uniquely contributes to the scientific study of the mind. Schank and Abelson, in hopes of training students with a similar orientation, then formed the first interdisciplinary graduate program in Cognitive Science, a format now followed by many universities. A graduate student in the Yale Cognitive Science Program, Colleen Seifert, and a Computer Science graduate student , Kristian Hammond, comprised the entire class of students who passed the Yale Artificial Intelligence qualifying exam in 1982. From this unique bonding experience , Hammond and Seifert set out to follow in Schank and Abelson's collaborative footsteps, despite the fact that neither could ever grow a beard.