Ecological patterns and processes at various spatiotemporal scales in wood-pastures of the Swiss Jura Mountains and adaptation to climate change

Silvopastoral ecosystems, such as wood-pastures, form traditional landscapes in Europe, but many of them suffered a large decline during the last century (Etienne, 1996; Skånes, 1996; Bergmeier and Roellig, this volume). Indeed this applies also to the wood-pastures of the Swiss Jura Mountains (Gallandat et al., 1995). Wood-pastures in this region are semi-natural mountain grasslands, which are found with isolated trees or intermingled with patches of forest or clumped trees (Figure 6.1). Figure 6.1 Wood-pasture in the Swiss Jura Mountains https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780203797082/9b748a62-bc7f-4e18-a6c4-029854c7aeb9/content/fig6_1_B.jpg" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> Source: F. Gillet