Ex utero (i.e., extracorporeal) human embryos created by in vitro fertilization (IVF) are now widely used for reproductive and research purposes. Individuals or couples who are infertile or who are at risk of having a child with a genetic disorder can use IVF, with or without third-party gametes, to create embryos for reproductive use. In addition, individuals and same-sex couples who are not infertile, but who want a genetic link to their child, can avail themselves of this reproductive technology.