ABSTRACT
Teamwork, by its very definition, is achieved when members interact interdependently and work together toward shared and valued goals. Further, expert teamwork involves the adaptation of collaboration strategies through coordination, cooperation, and communication, as well as a collective understanding of the task so that the team can reach its goals (Salas & Cannon-Bowers, 2000). Cognitive psychology has substantially influenced the study of teams, and it has been over a decade since the original applications of constructs from cognitive psychology were used to foster the development of the team cognition movement (e.g., Cannon-Bowers, Salas, & Converse, 1993; Hutchins, 1991; Orasanu, 1990). Since then, much cross-disciplinary attention has focused on determining how cognitive processes contribute to effective team performance. What is invariant across these disciplines is the notion that shared information processing among group members has both inter- and intraindividual outcomes (e.g., Levine, Resnick, & Higgins, 1993), whereby constructs such as encoding, storage, and retrieval of information are thought to be equally applicable to both individuals and groups (e.g., Hinsz, Tindale, & Vollrath, 1997; Larson & Christensen, 1993; Tindale & Kameda, 2000).
