ABSTRACT
Patients were systematically sampled from the universe of outpatients at 3 public psychiatric hospitals in the Boston, Mass, area that serve primarily patients with psychotic dis orders.45'47 Inclusion criteria consisted of ages between 25 and 66 years, at least an eighth-grade education, English as the first language, and an estimated IQ of at least 70. Exclu sion criteria for subjects were substance abuse within the past 6 months, history of a head injury with documented cogni tive sequelae or loss of consciousness longer than 5 min utes, neurologic disease or damage, mental retardation, medi cal illnesses that substantially impair neurocognitive function, and a history of electroconvulsive treatment. Written in formed consent was obtained after a complete description of the study was given to the subjects.
