ABSTRACT
ics are involuntary, brief, stereotyped motor and vocal behaviors often associated with irresistible urges. They are a defining symptom of the classic neuropsychiatric disorder. Brain regions in which activity was significantly correlated with tic occurrence in the group included medial and lateral premotor cortices, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral-rostral prefrontal cortex, inferior parietal cortex, putamen, and caudate, as well as primary motor cortex, the Broca’s area, superior temporal gyrus, insula, and claustrum. Tourette syndrome is a classic neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics. Basal ganglia dysfunction has been suggested by the occurrence of tics in pathological conditions that affect these deep structures, such as carbon monoxide poisoning and encephalitis lethargica.
