ABSTRACT
What advice one believes will help teachers do their jobs depends on what one thinks the purpose of teaching is. Simply put, the purpose of teaching is to facilitate student learning and the primary roles of the instructor are to motivate the student to learn and to manage the learning environment to maximize its potential as conducive to student learning. Imparting knowledge is not adequate as the purpose of teaching-the teacher bears a greater responsibility than that (Laurillard, 1993). Many prominent educational researchers argue that instructor-led approaches to training and education must be replaced with more active instruction, where each individual student constructs new knowledge for themselves through interactions and negotiations with others. Knowledge thus constructed by the learner can be used as a basis and a tool for future learning activities (e.g., Duffy & Jonassen, 1991).
