ABSTRACT
In a descriptive examination of those with CB, it was observed that CB was o¬en well established by the early 30s, but o¬en began in late adolescence, and o¬en ran a chronic course (Christenson et al., 1994). One study observed a signi§cant correlation between CB in adolescents and their perceptions of CB among their parents (d’Astous, Maltais, & Roberge, 1990). ˜is suggests that social modeling and social transmission of attitudes about materialism and consumerism are associated with the onset of CB. Also regarding adolescents and CB, a positive correlation between the number of hours spent watching television and CB behavior has been observed (d’Astous, Maltais, & Roberge, 1990). ˜is §nding provides support for the notion that attitudes leading to the development of CB behavior are transmitted from the macro system as well. Predictive modeling of CB among adolescents has found that gender (typically female), youth, peer in²uence, parental CB behavior, family resources, family stressors, and poor family communication may predict the development of CB behavior (d’Astous, Maltais, & Roberge, 1990; Gwin, Roberts, & Martinez, 2005).
