ABSTRACT
Climate change policies and research have traditionally focused more on how greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relate to production than to consumption. An illustration of this focus is the conventional and most widely used accounting method for measuring GHG emissions given in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The method was developed, primarily by the industrialised nations, for the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol (Helm et al., 2007). The UNFCCC method takes a geographical approach to emissions’ responsibility. All emissions generated from production within a country’s territory make up that country’s total emissions. A small part of consumption-related emissions are also included, primarily those derived from energy use in residential housing and the private use of automobiles and motorcycles.
