ABSTRACT
This essay argues that motivation to communicate is a central influence on competent communicative performance. Yet, research and theory related to this construct are in a state of disarray. Relevant research and theory in the communication discipline are critically reviewed and integrated along two dimensions: trait versus state and willingness versus anxiety. Additionally, current constructs relevant to communicative motivation are shown to reflect different levels of analysis. While each level contributes to a comprehensive understanding of motivation to communicate, it is suggested that the most promising perspective for understanding situated motivation to communicate is one reflecting a state willingness approach, particularly one embracing the centrality of goals in communication. The role of goals in interpersonal communication is explored, as are goals-based theories of motivation, which are viewed as having potential to explain communicative motivation.
