ABSTRACT
Conflicts, small wars, and terrorism are persistent human and global security challenges. This chapter examines violence, conflict, and environmental degradation as drivers of disaster and humanitarian crises. Resource scarcity, refugees, pandemics, disease outbreaks (human, plant, and animal), biological terrorism, and warfare impact not only health, but also political and social stability. This chapter will examine the current and future threat environment to identify drivers and potential scenarios for future conflict disasters. Violence, crime, genocide, disease, toxic contamination, and planet-wide climate change can all trigger conflict disaster, humanitarian crises, and global insurgency. These impacts on local (slums, mega-cities, and lawless zones), regional (states), and global scales will be assessed in order to anticipate future human security needs.
