ABSTRACT
Migration is a complex and multi-faceted phenomenon. It is difficult to define the term 'migration' including all the relevant criteria and to describe the different types of migration movements:
A person who goes to another country and remains there for the rest of his life, we say, is a migrant; and one who says a two-hour visit to the nearest town is not. Between these two extremes lies a bewildering array of intermediate instances, which can only be distinguished by more or less arbitrary criteria.
(Peterson 1968: 286) Migration is the permanent movement of individuals or groups from one place to another. It is a basic fact of human history. Migration has now become an important socio-economic feature of contemporary European society. In this context it is therefore important to assess what migration is, why people migrate and how the process of migration fits within the wider forces of inclusion and exclusion in Europe. There are various reasons for the individuals' movement: prosecution of political reasons, labour migration, and so on. The free migration of labour in the EU is a right of EU citizens. Most migration comes from third countries. The elaboration of a common EU policy is a complicated process, as it touches sensitive areas such as internal security.