Muslims, religious equality and secularism T AR I q MODOOD

There is an anti-Muslim wind blowing across the European continent.1 One factor is a perception that Muslims are making politically exceptional, culturally unreasonable or theologically alien demands upon European states. My contention is that the claims Muslims are making in fact parallel comparable arguments about gender or ethnic equality. Seeing the issue in that context shows how European and contemporary is the logic of mainstream Muslim identity politics. I argue, additionally, that multicultural politics must embrace a moderate secularism and resist radical secularism.