ABSTRACT

126Modern information technologies increase the range of feedback strategies that can be implemented in computer-based learning environments; however, the design and implementation of feedback strategies are very complex tasks that are often based more on intuition than on psychologically sound design principles. The purpose of this chapter is to present theoretically and empirically based guidelines for the design and evaluation of feedback strategies. To this end, this chapter describes an interactive, two-feedback-loop model that explains core factors and effects of feedback in interactive instruction (Narciss, 2006). Based on these theoretical considerations, a multidimensional view of designing and evaluating multiples feedback strategies under multiple individual and situational conditions is presented. This multidimensional view integrates recommendations of prior research on elaborated feedback (Schimmel, 1988; Smith and Ragan, 1993), task analyses (Jonassen et al., 1999), error analyses (VanLehn, 1990), and tutoring techniques (McKendree, 1990; Merrill et al., 1992).