It is abundantly clear from other chapters in this book that upland areas provide a great diversity of services to a wide variety of stakeholders: ranging from land managers and statutory agencies to other direct users and beneficiaries to interest groups and, most diffusely, national and even global populations. Inevitably, stakeholders value these services differently, and policy-making for the uplands must mediate the conflicts between these values. The now almost mandatory response in the United Kingdom and many other places is ‘stakeholder engagement’ – involving stakeholders in practices ranging from informal public consultation to formal partnership working.