ABSTRACT

We put forward the hypothesis that social enterprises are not only ‘multiplegoal’ and ‘multiple-ownership’ enterprises, but that they are also ‘multiple-resource’ organizations. Social enterprises mobilize different kinds of market and non-market resources to sustain their goals. They sell goods and services in the market. Public financing generally supports their public benefit mission. Finally, social enterprise can rely upon volunteer resources. Therefore, in terms of resources, as well as in other ways, social enterprises are located in an intermediate space, at the crossroads of the market, the state and civil society.