ABSTRACT
In Spain, four types of organization that fit the definition of work integration social enterprises (WISEs) have been identified: special employment centres (centros especiales de empleo), sheltered employment centres (centros ocupacionales), enterprises that are part of the national organization for the blind (Organización Nacional de Ciegos de España – ONCE), and social integration enterprises for people at risk of social exclusion (empresas de inserción). The first three types of enterprise work with people with recognized disabilities, while, as far as the fourth type is concerned, it should be underlined that social exclusion is a type of ‘disability’ that is not legally recognized in Spain. For the purpose of the PERSE project, we have focused on WISEs of this fourth type (social integration enterprises for people at risk of social exclusion), as social enterprises targeted only at people with recognized disabilities have been excluded.
