ABSTRACT
All countries face issues of educational equity. Depending on the country, the policy debate may focus on how to increase access to primary or secondary schools, how to reduce persistent achievement gaps between students of different genders, ethnic backgrounds or income levels, or how to reduce educational resource disparities between rural and urban areas of the country. Though all such issues are of interest to policy makers and researchers, we focus in this chapter on those areas of educational policy and research that are at the heart of the most widespread efforts at the international level to promote equity in education, particularly in developing countries.
