ABSTRACT
The educational reform which took place immediately after World War II was designed to eliminate militarism and ultra-nationalism, to help create a peaceful and cultural nation, and to realize the ideals of democracy, freedom, and equality. The basic principles for education are provided for in the Constitution of Japan (enacted in 1946) and the Fundamental Law of Education (enacted in 1947). The Constitution provides the basic right and duty of the people to receive education:
All people shall have the right to receive an equal education corresponding to their abilities, as provided for by law. The people shall be obligated to have all boys and girls under their protection receive general education as provided for by law. Such compulsory education shall be free.
(Article 26)