ABSTRACT
Hence a wealth of practical advice is currently available to schools and parents. But how should they proceed if they wish to address the problems of bullying? A first step is to make a functional distinction between the management and the prevention of bullying: that is, between measures designed to meet the need for immediate, direct action to respond effectively when an incident of bullying is uncovered or reported (i.e. crisis management), and longer-term intervention designed to reduce the likelihood of bullying occurring. Such approaches can be sub-divided in terms of intervention at the level of the individual pupil, at the level of the class, at the level of the school as a whole and indeed at the level of the community more generally (Stephenson and Smith, 1989).
