ABSTRACT

Michael Foucault (Ball 1990) writes of discourses which are about what can be said and thought, but also who can speak, when, and with what authority. Words and concepts change their meaning and their effect as they are deployed within different discourses. Meanings are derived, then, not so much from languages but from contexts with their histories, institutional practices and power relationships. Additionally, discourses constrain the possibilities of thought and beyond what can be said, they are about what cannot be or is not said. Thus, they are constituted by exclusion as well as inclusion.