ABSTRACT
Hāshim (2) Meccan clan to which the Prophet Muhammad belonged; it was part of the tribe of Quraysh (q.v.).
Hāshimiyya A term used generally to designate the 'Abbāsids (q.v.) and their supporters, but also more specifically to denote a
al-Hashr
Shī'ite revolutionary group from al-Kūfa (q.v.) which emerged at the end of the rule of the Umayyads (q.v.). (It was named after its Imam, Abū Hāshim 'Abd Allāh b. Muhammad al-Hanafiyya.) The Hāshimiyya became ardent propagandists for the 'Abbāsids in Khurasan, and played an important role in the overthrow of the Umayyads. (See Shī'ism.)
al-Hashr (Ar.) The title of the 59th sura of the Qur'ān; it means 'The Gathering' but also 'The Exile'. The sūra belongs to the Medinan period and has 24 verses. Its title is drawn from a phrase in v.2 which has been variously interpreted. Much of the sura concerns Jewish-Muslim relations and, in particular, the breaking by the Jewish tribe of al-Nad īr of a treaty of neutrality which it had made with Muhammad. V.21 uses a most striking image in which God tells his people that if the Qur'ān had been sent down on a mountain, they would have seen that very mountain submissive and cleft open in fear of God.
