ABSTRACT
Many patients with neurological disease present with bladder symptoms. This is not surprising as the neural pathways that control the bladder pass from the cerebral cortex through the pons and down the entire length of the spinal cord. For many neurological patients, urinary incontinence can be their most troublesome symptom, but it is one that is most amenable to management by simple medical means. Possible urinary problems include urinary retention, incomplete bladder emptying, detrusor hyper-reflexia, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, and recurrent urinary tract infections leading to renal failure.
